Looking at Economies as Gendered Structures: An Application to Central America
通过整合生产与再生产经济，用实证证据分析中美洲性别不平等如何制约平衡发展，并考察女性时间过度使用、男性时间利用不足、基础设施和收入分配中的性别差异。
The economic reform programs implemented in Central America have failed to meet their stated objectives. Although this failure can be attributed to a number of causes, an analysis of the economy as a gendered structure can help explain it, by looking not only at the impact of structural adjustment programs (SAPs) on women, but also at the impact of gender relations on SAPs. Integrating the productive and the reproductive economies provides a broader perspective from which to analyze the determinants of sustainable economic growth and development. Using empirical evidence, this paper examines both the way in which gender inequalities act as constraints on well-balanced development in the region and at outcomes in terms of the overutilization of women's time and the underutilization of men's time, gender differences in access to infrastructure and gender differences in income distribution. The paper also examines the gender balance in economic decision-making and investigates the tradeoff between the increase in exports and the improvement in food security that has occurred in the region. Finally, some conclusions are drawn.