Home Demand and British Industrialization
利用家庭预算研究评估工业化过程中工人阶级对制成品的需求，发现城市化、妇女儿童就业机会增加及自给农业萎缩反而使消费模式固守传统产业，但中上层阶级购买力提升带来了国内制成品需求增长。
Household budget studies are used to assess working-class demand for manufactures over industrialization. Contrary to demand-side proponents, increased urbanization, enhanced opportunities for women's and children's work, and a declining subsistence sector all retrenched consumption patterns into demand for the products of traditional industries and decreased demand for the products of new manufacturing industries. However, consideration of national expenditure on necessities shows an increasing surplus available for discretionary expenditure between 1801 and 1841. This reflects an increased purchasing power of the middle and upper classes that may have manifested itself as substantially increased demand for domestic manufactures.