New Directions for Theories of Career
指出职业理论因缺乏严谨性及认识论、方法论问题而存在缺陷，提出将根假设从有机体论和机械论转向情境主义，并采用生态、传记和解释学方法重新构建该领域。
This paper re-examines career theories and notes a number of their shortcomings which derive from a lack of rigor in approach and from certain epistemological and methodological considerations. The way forward suggested for this field of study represents a shift in the root hypothesis from organicism and mechanism to contextualism. The ecological, the biographical, and the hermeneutical approaches are proposed as a means of reconceptualizing this area of study.