Total work and gender: facts and possible explanations
基于27国时间日记数据,发现人均GDP越高,男女总工作量(有酬加无酬)差异越小;在富裕的非天主教国家,男女总工作量几乎相等。调查显示学者和公众误以为女性工作更多。
Time-diary data from 27 countries show a negative relationship between GDP per-capita and gender differences in total work—for pay and at home. In rich non-Catholic countries, men and women average about the same amount of total work. Survey results show scholars and the general public believe that women work more. Widespread average equality does not arise from gender differences in the price of time, intra-family bargaining or spousal complementarity. Several theories, including ones based on social norms, might explain these findings and are consistent with evidence from the World Values Surveys and microeconomic data from Australia and Germany.