Culture, Control and Competition; Towards a Conceptual Framework for the Study of Information Technology in Organizations
提出文化、控制与竞争三个概念，用于分析信息技术在组织中的开发与应用，强调信息与权力知识关系的独特作用，并以金融服务公司和国民健康服务机构的案例加以说明。
This paper examines the significance of information communication technology (I.C.T.) for the theory and practice of organizations. There is voluminous literature in this field, but I.C.T. tends to be perceived as just another example of new technology. In fact, the information dimension of I.C.T. gives it a distinctive character in contrast to other technologies which remains under-theorized. The paper argues that information is intimately linked with power-knowledge rela tions and the forms of subjectivity that reside therein. In theorizing the exercise of power and the constitution of subjectivity, we suggest that three concepts — culture, control and competition — provide additional insights for the study of the development and application of I.C.T.s in organizations. The paper seeks to illustrate these arguments by reference to case study examples from financial service companies and the National Health Service.