ECONOMIC CRISES AND THE EUROPEAN REVOLUTIONS OF 1848
用27个欧洲国家的数据检验了1848年革命的原因，发现短期经济困境（如1845-1847年的粮食短缺和工业衰退）是主要触发因素，而非长期社会问题或激进思想。
Recent historical research tends to view the 1848 revolutions in Europe as caused by a surge of radical ideas and by long-term socioeconomic problems. However, many contemporary observers interpreted much of the upheaval as a consequence of short-term economic causes, specifically the serious shortfall in food supply that had shaken large parts of the Continent in 1845–1847, and the subsequent industrial slump. Applying standard quantitative methods to a data set of 27 European countries, we show that it was mainly immediate economic misery, and the fear thereof, that triggered the European revolutions of 1848.