A Competency-Based Model of Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Toward a Conceptual Integration
对比了环境决定论与战略选择两种理论框架，指出产业组织模型忽视了企业独特能力，并从资源视角提出一个整合四种核心能力的系统模型来解释可持续竞争优势。
This article examines the concept of sustainable competitive advantage in the context of two theoreticalframeworks: environmental determinism (which encompasses macroeconomic and industrial organization traditions) and "strategic selection" (which incorporates Schumpeterian economic and strategic choice perspectives). It is argued that by ascribing competitive advantage to industry/market imperatives, the I/O-based model apparently overlooks the idiosyncratic competencies that potentially generate a sustainable competitive advantage for the firm. An alternative conceptualization of sustainable competitive advantage from a resource-based perspective is offered. Specifically, a systems model that integrally links four components of a firm's "distinctive competencies" (managerial competencies and strategic focus, resource-based, transformation-based, and outputbased competencies) is proposed.