Trade liberalization in the bio‐economy: coping with a new landscape
分析了多边贸易自由化进展缓慢的原因，指出新兴国家影响力增强使协议更难达成，发达国家谈判筹码不足，呼吁修订谈判议程并改变发展中国家地位，以重振多哈谈判。
Abstract Multilateral trade liberalization has made little progress over the last period, but preferential agreements have multiplied. Recent economic literature helps understand the current negotiation game. New economic and political conditions, in particular the gaining influence of emerging countries, make a multilateral agreement more difficult. Developed countries have given up many of their bargaining chips in previous rounds of negotiation and their remaining agricultural tariffs are not sufficient for extracting the concessions from emerging countries on services, procurement, and intellectual property that would make an agreement possible. The risk of a more fragmented world calls for a revised negotiation agenda and a change in the status of developing countries. Research issues are outlined in order to help revitalize the Doha negotiation agenda.