Endophilia or Exophobia: Beyond Discrimination
通过随机分配阅卷者到含/不含姓名的学生试卷的田野实验，发现阅卷者存在对本群体的偏袒，而非对外群体的歧视，这改变了歧视性工资差异的测量方式。
The discrimination literature treats outcomes as relative. But does a differential arise because agents discriminate against others – exophobia – or because they favour their own kind – endophilia? Using a field experiment that assigned graders randomly to students’ examinations that did/did not contain names, we find favouritism but no discrimination by nationality nor by gender. We are able to identify these preferences under a wide range of behavioural scenarios regarding the graders. That endophilia dominates exophobia alters how we should measure discriminatory wage differentials and should inform the formulation of anti-discrimination policy. <br> This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in <em>The Economic Journal</em> following peer review. The version of record Feld. J, Salamanca, N., & Hamermesh, D. S. (2016). Endophilia or Exophobia: beyond discrimination. <em>The Economic Journal</em>, <em>126</em>(594), 1503-1527 is available online at: http://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12289