Knowing in Practice: Enacting a Collective Capability in Distributed Organizing
提出实践中的认知视角，认为认知是行动者在实践中持续完成的社会成就，而非静态能力。基于对一家地理分散的高科技公司的实证研究，指出全球产品开发能力既集体又分布式，根植于成员的日常实践。
In this paper, I outline a perspective on knowing in practice which highlights the essential role of human action in knowing how to get things done in complex organizational work. The perspective suggests that knowing is not a static embedded capability or stable disposition of actors, but rather an ongoing social accomplishment, constituted and reconstituted as actors engage the world in practice. In interpreting the findings of an empirical study conducted in a geographically dispersed hightech organization, I suggest that the competence to do global product development is both collective and distributed, grounded in the everyday practices of organizational members. I conclude by discussing some of the research implications of a perspective on organizational knowing in practice.