Gender Interactions Within the Family Firm
研究意大利家族企业高层性别互动对绩效的影响，发现女性董事显著提升女性领导企业的盈利能力，但该效应在性别偏见严重地区或大企业中减弱。
We analyze whether gender interactions at the top of the corporate hierarchy affect corporate performance. Using a comprehensive data set of family-controlled firms in Italy, we find that female directors significantly improve the operating profitability of female-led companies. To mitigate endogeneity concerns, we assess executive transitions using a triple-difference approach complemented by propensity score matching and instrumental variables. Finally, we show that the positive effect of female interactions on profitability is reduced when the firm is located in geographic areas characterized by gender prejudices and when the firm is large. This paper was accepted by Brad Barber, finance.