Environmental and Land Use Regulation in Nonrenewable Resource Industries: Implications from the Wyoming Checkerboard
研究了油气行业如何应对联邦与私人土地上不同的环境与土地使用监管，通过怀俄明州模拟模型估算未来60年联邦土地钻井成本上升导致的油气产出损失现值约8亿美元，并发现生产对钻井环境监管比生产税更敏感。
<i>This paper examines how the oil and gas industry responds to changes in environmental and land use regulations pertaining to drilling by examining differences in regulatory practices on federal and private land. A simulation model for Wyoming is used to estimate losses of oil and gas output over the next 60 years because of higher drilling costs found on federal property. The present value of these losses comes to about $800 million. Also, this case study is of interest because it shows that future production is more sensitive to changes in environmental regulations that apply to drilling than to changes in severance taxes levied on production.</i>