Firm and industry as determinants of executive perceptions of the environment
研究了高管对环境感知在企业内部和行业间的差异，发现约40%的感知差异可由企业和行业归属解释，对战略管理和组织理论有启示。
This study examines variation in top executives' environmental perceptions within firms and within industries. More specifically, we investigate how industry and organizational membership affect top executives' perceptions of five environmental attributes. Results indicate that significant homogeneity of perceptions exists within firms and also within industries. Approximately 40 percent of the variance in individual top-level executives' perceptions of aspects of their respective organization's environment is explained by their organizational and industry membership. Implications of the findings for strategic management and organization theory and for future research are presented. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.