Horizontal and Vertical Relationships in Developing Economies: Implications for SMEs' Access to Global Markets
研究整合资源基础观、交易成本经济学和制度理论，分析阿根廷232家家具中小企业数据，发现纵向关系提升供应链制造效率，横向关系促进资源共用和产品创新，共同帮助中小企业进入全球市场。
We integrate the resource-based view, transaction cost economics, and institutional theory to model how collaboration among small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in environments of weak infrastructure and institutions help them achieve greater collective efficiencies and access to global markets. Using survey data from 232 Argentine furniture SMEs, we found that different types of ties matter in different ways for these SMEs' collective efficiencies. For instance, vertical ties yield manufacturing productivity along the supply chain, while horizontal ties enable collective resource use as well as joint product innovation. These collective efficiencies, in turn, serve as competitive currencies helping SMEs access global markets.