Making Strategic Information Systems Happen
指出信息系统开发失败常源于组织问题而非技术问题，并应用组织研究成果提出改进建议，帮助业务经理和信息系统经理更有效地开发系统。
Executive Overview Computer-based information systems are becoming essential to the execution of business strategy. Business managers, however, are too often besieged by inadequate new systems with missed target dates and overrun budgets. These managers are questioning whether their firms are selecting and developing systems effectively and efficiently. To select and develop computer-based information systems, firms conventionally follow the systems development life cycle. Our thesis is that, since the implementation of a computer-based information system is an example of organizational change, problems during the life cycle are generally tied to organizational issues in addition to technical matters. Organizational researchers have long studied the same issues that now face companies attempting to develop computer-based information systems. In this article, we apply their findings and prescriptions to information systems development. The mystique of the computer is also challenged—that the computer is incomprehensible to the mortal business executive and must therefore be managed by technicians who may have little understanding of the business organization. Finally, actions that business managers and information systems managers should take to develop more effective computer-based systems are identified.