Cyprus: from boom to bail-in
研究塞浦路斯在2013年3月濒临破产的案例，分析其加入欧元区五年内危机爆发的原因，包括欧洲经济恶化、公共财政失误、银行治理薄弱、跨境监管不足及政治决策失误，为防范类似危机提供教训。
SummaryThis is a case study of how a country nearly reached bankruptcy in March 2013, within five years of entering the eurozone. The magnitude of the requested assistance is extremely large relative to GDP (100%) and studying this event provides useful lessons for avoiding such crises in the future. The crisis resulted from a worsening European economic environment (especially in Greece), bad choices with regards to public finances, weak corporate governance within the local banking sector, inadequate and/or difficult regulation of cross-border banking, worsening competitiveness, and bad political decisions at the European and, especially, the local (Cypriot) level. Local politics, reflected in short-term political calculations and/or inadequate understanding of the magnitude of the crisis, delayed corrective action for 18 months until election time, making a bad situation almost impossible to deal with. Overconfidence can be one behavioural explanation for why local politicians ignored the dramatic costs of inaction.— Alexander Michaelides