Estimating the Economic Model of Crime with Panel Data
利用北卡罗来纳州各县的面板数据，通过单方程和联立方程面板数据估计方法，控制未观测异质性和联立性，发现劳动市场和刑事司法策略对遏制犯罪都重要，但执法激励的效果被高估。
Previous attempts at estimating the economic model of crime with aggregate data relied heavily on cross-section econometric techniques and, therefore, do not control for unobserved heterogeneity. This is even true of studies that estimated simultaneous equations models. Using a new panel data set of North Carolina counties, the authors exploit both single and simultaneous equations panel data estimators to address two sources of endogeneity: unobserved heterogeneity and conventional simultaneity. Their results suggest that both labor market and criminal justice strategies are important in deterring crime but that the effectiveness of law enforcement incentives has been greatly overstated. Copyright 1994 by MIT Press.