Similarities and Differences between Leadership and Management: High‐Performance Competencies in the British Royal Navy
研究了英国皇家海军中261名军官和水兵，通过问卷和绩效评估，找出领导力与管理在胜任力和人格因素上的共性与差异，并识别关键绩效因素。
This paper describes the research, analysis and development of a model clarifying the similarities and differences in competencies and personality factors 1 associated with effective Leadership and Management in the Royal Navy. A questionnaire study was conducted on a sample of 261 Officers and Ratings (Sailors). Their performance was rated through the organization's rigorous appraisal process, whilst competency and personality data were gathered through the Occupational Personality Questionnaire and the Leadership Dimensions Questionnaire. The results identify the common and unique relevance of specific competencies and personality factors and so provide an illuminating insight into the differences between the constructs of leadership and management. The critical factors related to effective leadership and management performance are also identified.