Collective Bargaining and Union Membership Effects on the Wages of Male Youths
区分了非工会工人工资差异的两个来源：集体谈判单位的垄断效应和工会会员身份带来的经济收益，并用数据支持了这两种效应。
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the nonunion wage differential consists of two effects. The first represents the differential between the wage of a nonunion worker in a collective bargaining unit and the wage paid to a comparable worker not covered by a bargaining agreement. This effect arises from the monopoly power of organized labor. The second is the wage differential between union and nonunion workers in collective bargaining units. This latter effect is attributed to economic benefits that unionism brings to its members. Empirical evidence is presented in support of both effects.