Kinship, Incentives, and Evolution
分析了家庭纽带如何影响激励，聚焦于两个相互利他的兄弟姐妹之间的策略互动，发现均衡努力程度与利他程度呈非单调关系，并受环境影响。
We analyze how family ties affect incentives, with focus on the strategic interaction between two mutually altruistic siblings. The siblings exert effort to produce output under uncertainty, and they may transfer output to each other. With equally altruistic siblings, their equilibrium effort is nonmonotonic in the common degree of altruism, and it depends on the harshness of the environment. We define a notion of local evolutionary stability of degrees of sibling altruism and show that this degree is lower than the kinship-relatedness factor. Numerical simulations show how family ties vary with the environment, and how this affects economic outcomes.