Multitasking Teams With Variable Complementarity: Challenges for Capability Management
通过一个简单模型，分析互补性与可替代性任务并存时导致努力浪费的机制，并指出输出激励、协调改进等管理干预在错误情境下可能适得其反。
Wasted effort—work that is performed but not used—reduces capability effectiveness. A simple model shows that the simultaneous presence of complementary and substitutable tasks creates a vulnerability to diverse causes of wasted effort. Managerial interventions, such as providing output-based incentives or improving coordination, may backfire or fail if applied to the wrong problem or if problems interact. The model indicates when particular standard types of interventions are or are not likely to reduce wasted effort.