Taking off: Category contrast and organizational mortality in the UK airline industry, 1919–64
研究了新兴行业中类别对比（类别与背景的区分度）对合法性的三种潜在作用：为类别本身提供合法性、向边缘成员溢出合法性、以及增强密度依赖的合法化过程，利用英国早期客运航空业的组织命名数据进行分析。
This study analyzes the role of Category contrast in the context of an emerging industry. The level of contrast, the degree to which a category stands out from its background, appears to be an important aspect of the legitimation process, but as of yet poorly understood. The article explores three potential roles: as providing legitimacy to the category as such, as allowing for legitimacy spillovers to peripheral members, and as strengthening density-dependent legitimation. The study investigates these potential roles using longitudinal data on organizational naming patterns in the early passenger airline industry in the United Kingdom.