Empirical Specification Requirements for Two‐Constraint Models of Recreation Choice
探讨休闲需求分析中双约束模型的实证设定，指出时间约束的重要性，并推导出可观测的系数限制条件，为实证研究者提供模型一致性指导。
Abstract Two‐constraint models are common in recreation‐demand analysis because of the important role time can play in consumer choices. Two versions of Roy's identity hold for these models and imply coefficient restrictions on empirical demand functions. The two‐constraint restrictions are fully observable and can be expressed in a form analogous to the Slutsky‐Hicks equations in single‐constraint consumer models. Empirical specifications that use full prices and full budgets can be consistent with the two‐constraint models, when the marginal value of time is either exogenous or endogenous, but models with full prices and money income alone are not.