Market structure and business performance: An evaluation of buyer/seller power in the pims database
利用PIMS数据库分析买方与卖方结构对利润的影响，发现有利结构（卖方少、买方多且购买重要性低）能维持利润率，而不利结构在衰退期和产品生命周期中会导致利润率下降。
Abstract This paper explores the patterns of buyer and seller structure among business units in the PIMS database and how buyer/seller structure is related to profit outcomes, both long‐term through the product life cycle and short‐term between periods of boom and recession. Businesses with a favourable structure (few sellers, many buyers buying items of low importance) typically maintain margins through the product life cycle, but if there are many sellers facing few and determined buyers, margins and profitability are likely to deteriorate in recession and to continue to decline through the life cycle.