Sure Everyone Can Be Replaced ... But At What Cost? Turnover As A Predictor Of Unit-Level Performance
研究了经理和员工离职率如何通过效率（顾客等待时间）影响餐厅的销售额和利润，发现效率是离职率与绩效之间的中介变量。
Most turnover research positions employee turnover as the dependent variable and focuses on identifying its antecedents. In this study, we viewed turnover as a key predictor in determining unit-level performance. Specifically, a structural model was developed and tested that links managerial and employee turnover with performance through efficiency. We tested the model using a sample of 262 BURGER KING® restaurants. Results demonstrate that efficiency, measured as customer “wait time,” mediates the relationships of both management and crew turnover to both sales and profit, and efficiency, measured as food waste, does not mediate the relationship of turnover to sales or profit.