Economics of Environmental Management in a Spatially Heterogeneous River Basin
研究在空间异质性流域中，为保护濒危鲑鱼而进行水质管理活动的配置效率，发现管理活动的效率取决于河岸条件和河道形态的异质性，且若以增加鱼类种群为目标，基于物理标准（如水温）的保育策略可能导致效率低下。
This article examines the allocative efficiency of water quality management activities to protect endangered salmonid species in a heterogeneous watershed in the Pacific Northwest. Using an integrated hydrological, biological, and economic modeling framework, the relative efficiency of alternative policy targets such as temperature reductions and enhanced fish populations is investigated. Results indicate that the heterogeneous nature of riparian conditions and stream morphology influence the choice of management activities. Localized effects of management efforts on temperature are important to achieve small temperature reductions. However, as the desired magnitude of temperature reductions increases, the cumulative (longitudinal) effects become more important, and management efforts in more distant reaches are more efficient than efforts nearer the point of monitoring. Finally, if the underlying objective is to increase fish populations, targeting conservation efforts based on physical criteria such as water temperatures or other total maximum daily load regulations may lead to substantial inefficiencies.