Spatially optimal steady-state phosphorus policies in crop production
在空间动态稳态框架下分析了最优磷肥施用和侵蚀控制政策，发现对土壤磷征税比直接对肥料征税更简单且信息需求更低，同时社会与私人贴现率的差异会影响最优税率。
We analyse optimal phosphorus fertilisation and erosion control policies in a spatial, dynamic, steady-state framework. First-best instruments to incentivise farmers to undertake socially optimal choices are analysed both analytically and empirically. An empirical illustration is presented for a cereal production area of 3 hectares. We find that taxes on phosphorus use can be levied with equal effect either on fertiliser use or directly on soil phosphorus. However, a tax on soil phosphorus is simpler and poses lower information requirements for the social planner. In addition, the potential differences in socially and privately applied discount rates are shown to affect optimal tax rates. Oxford University Press and Foundation for the European Review of Agricultural Economics 2010; all rights reserved. For permissions, please email journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org, Oxford University Press.