Female Labor Supply, Human Capital, and Welfare Reform
估计了英国女性就业、人力资本积累（包括教育）和储蓄的动态模型，利用税收和福利改革数据，发现劳动力供给弹性较大，尤其对单身母亲；税收抵免能改善福利、增加单身母亲就业，但略微降低教育程度。
We estimate a dynamic model of employment, human capital accumulation—including education, and savings for women in the United Kingdom, exploiting tax and benefit reforms, and use it to analyze the effects of welfare policy. We find substantial elasticities for labor supply and particularly for lone mothers. Returns to experience, which are important in determining the longer-term effects of policy, increase with education, but experience mainly accumulates when in full-time employment. Tax credits are welfare improving in the U.K., increase lone-mother labor supply and marginally reduce educational attainment, but the employment effects do not extend beyond the period of eligibility. Marginal increases in tax credits improve welfare more than equally costly increases in income support or tax cuts.