VARIABLE RETURNS TO SCALE AND REGIONAL RESOURCE ALLOCATION UNDER UNCERTAINTY*
在一个两区域一般均衡模型中，研究了产业内外部性（即规模报酬可变）在不确定性条件下对资源配置的影响，发现多数标准结论在规模报酬可变下仍成立，但要素禀赋变化的相关结论则不然。
ABSTRACT. This paper investigates the resource allocational implications of intra‐industrial externalities, i.e., variable returns to scale (VRS), in a two‐region general equilibrium model of production under uncertainty. It is shown that most standard results concerning changes in the goods price ratio with constant returns to scale (CRS) under uncertainty generalize to VRS. In contrast, standard results concerning changes in factor endowments extend from CRS to decreasing returns to scale, but not to all permissible levels of increasing returns to scale. Thus, such theorems as factor price equalization and Rybczynski do not generalize to all real‐world levels of VRS.