Casinos, Crime, and Community Costs
利用1977-1996年美国县级数据，研究发现赌场开业初期犯罪效应较低，但随时间增长，1996年赌场县约8%的犯罪可归因于赌场，平均每位成年人每年承担75美元成本。
We examine the relationship between casinos and crime using county-level data for the United States between 1977 and 1996. Casinos were nonexistent outside Nevada before 1978, and expanded to many other states during our sample period. Most factors that reduce crime occur before or shortly after a casino opens, whereas those that increase crime, including problem and pathological gambling, occur over time. The results suggest that the effect on crime is low shortly after a casino opens, and grows over time. Roughly 8% of crime in casino counties in 1996 was attributable to casinos, costing the average adult $75 per year. © 2006 The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.