Advancing Science on the Knife's Edge: Integration and Specialization in Management Ph.D. Programs
将科学进步的一般模型应用于管理学领域，以管理学博士项目为背景，探讨整合与专业化如何推动学科发展。
Executive Overview All science advances by processes of integration (connecting diverse bodies of knowledge) and specialization (deeper analysis of the study area). New disciplines typically are born of integration (e.g., biochemistry from biology and chemistry) and develop through specialization. For successful specialization in the early years, scholars in the new discipline must be able to stand on the shoulders of giants and be subject matter experts in at least one of the foundational disciplines. In this proposed research, we apply the generic model of scientific advancement to the field of management, using Ph.D. programs in management as the study context.