Beyond Expectancy Theory: An Integrative Motivational Model from Health Care
整合了期望/效价因素与习惯、规范及意动动机元素，提出一个来自预防保健领域的整合动机模型，对工作动机研究也有启示。
Expectancy theory has been criticized for its omission of normative, habitual, and other motivational elements. This paper describes the sources and features of an integrative motivational model from the field of preventive health care that combines expectancy/valence factors with habitual, normative, and conative motivational elements. The model is viewed as having implications for work motivation as well.