Nativity and Wealth in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Cities
利用1860年联邦人口普查数据，采用分位数回归分析波士顿、纽约、芝加哥和印第安纳波利斯成年男性的财富，发现中西部移民比东部移民更富有，并探讨其原因与影响。
This article uses evidence from the manuscripts of the 1860 federal census to analyze the wealth of adult males in Boston, New York, Chicago, and Indianapolis. Previous multivariate analyses of wealth from the census have been flawed by reliance on ordinary least squares; we instead use quantile regression. Immigrants fared considerably better in the Midwest than the East: immigrants in the midwestern cities held more wealth than their eastern counterparts, both absolutely and relative to the native-born in their respective cities. We explore the causes of these differences and their consequences for nineteenth-century Americans and their communities.