Product Recalls, Imperfect Information, and Spillover Effects: Lessons from the Consumer Response to the 2007 Toy Recalls
研究了2007年大量玩具召回事件对销售的影响，发现召回不仅减少了涉事厂商相关品类销量，还导致未召回厂商的行业性销售损失，揭示了消费者如何从产品安全信息中推断。
In 2007, the Consumer Product Safety Commission issued 212 recalls of toys and other children's products, a sizable increase from previous years. We investigate changes in toy sales following these recalls. We find that for manufacturers that had recalls, unit sales of the types of toys involved in the recall fell relative to their sales of toys in other categories. We do not find evidence of within-manufacturer spillovers to dissimilar toys. We do, however, find large industry-wide spillovers in the form of sales losses to manufacturers that did not experience any recalls. Our results shed light on how consumers may draw inferences from information about product safety. © 2012 The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.