Narcissism and Leadership: An Object Relations Perspective
运用精神分析客体关系理论，探讨自恋与领导力的关系，提出领导者中存在的三种自恋类型：反应型、自欺型和建设型，并分析其对人际关系和决策的影响。
Having been largely unknown as a clinical entity, the narcissistic personality has recently come into the limelight. It is argued that one critical component in the orientation of leaders is the quality and intensity of their narcissistic development. In this paper, the relationship between narcissism and leadership is explored. Using concepts taken from psychoanalytic object relations theory, three narcissistic configurations found among leaders are presented: reactive, self-deceptive, and constructive. Their etiology, symptomatology, and defensive structure is discussed. The influence of each configuration on interpersonal relations and decision-making is examined in a managerial context.