The Effects of Smoking Bans on Self‐Assessed Health: Evidence from Germany
利用德国各州禁烟令实施时间和执行时间的差异，结合社会经济面板数据，发现禁烟令改善了非吸烟者的自评健康，尤其对家中有吸烟者的非吸烟者效果显著，而吸烟者健康无改善甚至恶化。
We examine the effects of smoking bans on self-assessed health in Germany taking into account heterogeneities by smoking status, gender and age. We exploit regional variation in the dates of enactment and dates of enforcement across German federal states. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, our difference-in-differences estimates show that non-smokers' health improves, whereas smokers report no or even adverse health effects in response to bans. We find statistically significant health improvements especially for non-smokers living in households with at least one smoker. Non smokers' health improvements materialise largely with the enactment of smoking bans. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.