The Relational View: Cooperative Strategy and Sources of Interorganizational Competitive Advantage
提出企业的关键资源可能跨越企业边界，嵌入企业间的关系和惯例中，并识别出四种组织间竞争优势的来源：关系专用资产、知识共享惯例、互补资源/能力和有效治理。
In this article we offer a view that suggests that a firm's critical resources may span firm boundaries and may be embedded in interfirm resources and routines. We argue that an increasingly important unit of analysis for understanding competitive advantage is the relationship between firms and identify four potential sources of interorganizational competitive advantage: (1) relation-specific assets, (2) knowledge-sharing routines, (3) complementary resources/capabilities, and (4) effective governance. We examine each of these potential sources of rent in detail, identifying key subprocesses, and also discuss the isolating mechanisms that serve to preserve relational rents. Finally, we discuss how the relational view may offer normative prescriptions for firm-level strategies that contradict the prescriptions offered by those with a resource-based view or industry structure view.