Making the Crime Fit the Penalty: The Role of Prosecutorial Discretion under Mandatory Minimum Sentencing
实证发现检察官通过降低指控罪名来规避强制性最低量刑法，以1990年代各州“三振出局”法为例，若不考虑此行为会高估法律对平均刑期的影响近30%。
This paper empirically documents one way in which prosecutorial discretion may be used to dampen the effects of mandatory minimum sentencing laws. Specifically, prosecutors can use their discretion over prosecution charges to circumvent a mandatory minimum sentencing law for some defendants by prosecuting defendants who were initially arrested for the crime targeted by the sentencing law for lesser crimes not covered by the law. I document the use of such discretion with respect to several state “three‐strikes”‐type repeat‐offender laws imposed throughout the 1990s, and I find that prosecutors become significantly more likely to lower a defendant’s prosecution charge to a misdemeanor when conviction for the initial felony arrest charge would lead to sentencing under a three‐strikes law. Moreover, accounting for such behavior is important, as I show that failure to do so can lead to overstating the effects of these laws on average sentencing by almost 30 percent.