The Performance Implications of Timing of Entry and Involvement in Multipartner Alliances
研究多伙伴联盟中伙伴进入时机和参与程度如何影响其收益，发现参与程度提升声誉和市场成功但降低生产率，早期进入者市场成功更佳，早期和晚期进入者生产率高于中期进入者。
We examined the distribution of benefits to partners in multipartner alliances by concentrating on dynamics of partner entry and involvement. Testing hypotheses in the Wi-Fi Alliance, we observed heterogeneity of benefits. In particular, the extent of organizational involvement in this alliance enhanced partners' reputation and market success with related product introductions but reduced their productivity. Participation in competing alliances enhanced productivity and market success despite potential efficiency losses. Finally, early alliance entrants gained market success, and both early and late entrants were more productive than intermediate entrants. These findings illuminate multipartner alliance complexity and disparity between common and private benefits.