Sources of Cyclical Employment Instability in Rural Counties
利用1970-80年印第安纳州月度数据，用单指数组合模型分析县市层面的周期性就业不稳定，发现农村县市比城市更易受系统性波动影响，且制造业在县市层面反而起到稳定作用。
Cyclical employment instability at the county level is examined using monthly Indiana employment data for 1970–80 and a single‐index portfolio model. Results show rural counties are more responsive to systematic or cyclical employment instability than urban counties. At the state level, a high percentage employed in manufacturing has been associated with greater employment instability over the business cycle. This relationship does not hold at the county level where most manufacturing sectors seem to cyclically stabilize the counties in which they appear.