Harry Aaron Director: The Coming of Age of a Reformer Skeptic (1914–24)
聚焦亚伦·迪雷克特在高中和大学时期的早年生活，通过档案资料分析其世界观演变，认为他主张精英推动社会变革、怀疑政府结构，并受凡勃伦和门肯的批判社会哲学影响，这些早年观点塑造了他战后的芝加哥工作。
This article concentrates on the life of Aaron Director at Lincoln High School in Portland, Oregon (1914–21), and at Yale University (1921–24). Its primary purposes are to examine the juvenilia of Director in order to analyze the evolution of his worldview and to shed light on Director's life at this time through the use of archival and secondary sources. Tracing the evolution of Director's worldview leads to three claims. First, Director maintained that the individual or an elite group of individuals was the catalyst for social change and expressed skepticism toward governing structures as means to make improvements in society. Second, Director believed that open-minded educators who challenged social injustice and prejudice were essential for social and economic reform. Third, Director adopted the critical and skeptical social philosophy of Thorstein Veblen and H. L. Mencken. In conclusion, this essay maintains that the worldview of Director's youth motivated and empowered his postwar efforts at Chicago.