Standards of the Present for People of the Past: Height, Weight, and Mortality among Men of Amherst College, 1834–1949
研究发现19世纪男性的身体质量指数与死亡率之间呈U形关系，与20世纪类似，但身高与死亡率无关，且这种关系由非经济因素驱动。
Whether anthropometric-mortality risk relationships as found in present day populations also characterized past populations is disputed. This article finds U-shaped body mass index (BMI)-mortality risk relationships among nineteenth-century men that were similar to such relationships as found in twentieth-century men. No relationship between height and mortality could be detected. This article infers from the socioeconomic homogeneity of the sample that the BMI-mortality risk relationship, although apparently invariant with respect to time, is driven by noneconomic factors.