Trade boom and wage inequality: evidence from Ugandan districts
研究了乌干达1990年代贸易开放期间，地区层面贸易繁荣对工资不平等的影响，发现贸易增加反而降低了工资溢价，与赫克歇尔-俄林理论预测一致。
The process of economic integration over the past two decades has been accompanied by expanding skilled wage premia—a key measure of wage inequality—in most countries. This was also the case for Ugandan wage employees during the 1990s, a period of abrupt trade opening, market reforms and improved relations with neighbouring Kenya. As in other unskilled labour abundant countries, this is a surprising result in light of the standard Heckscher–Ohlin (H–O) framework. By using a novel district-level analysis, I find that in fact increased trade reduced wage inequality in line with the H–O predictions. During the 1990s districts more exposed to the trade boom experienced a rise in wage premia 2.8 percentage points lower relative to less-exposed districts. On the other hand, the intensification of domestic trade across districts and the increase in average education were associated with increased wage premia during the period of analysis.