Employment Protection Versus Flexicurity: On Technology Adoption in Unionised Firms*
分析了就业保护和灵活保障两种劳动市场制度如何影响工会企业的技术采纳，发现灵活保障（低就业保护、高保留工资）促进企业技术投资，而高保留工资也使工会更愿接受技术变革。
Abstract We analyse how different labour‐market institutions – employment protection versus ‘flexicurity’– affect technology adoption in unionised firms. We consider trade unions’ incentives to oppose or endorse labour‐saving technology and firms’ incentives to invest in such technology. Increased flexicurity – interpreted as less employment protection and a higher reservation wage for workers – unambiguously increases firms’ incentives for technology adoption. If unions have some direct influence on technology, a higher reservation wage also makes unions more willing to accept technological change. Less employment protection has the opposite effect, as this increases the downside (job losses) of labour‐saving technology.