THE ASSESSMENT: NEW APPROACHES TO ECONOMIC GROWTH
传统经济增长理论无法解释持续扩张、收入趋同缺失等事实，新方法强调物质与人力资本投资、规模经济等，但尚未充分检验，政策启示有限。
The orthodox theory of economic growth has long been unable to explain some real world "stylized facts" such as the reasons for continued long-run expansion, the absence of convergence in per capita incomes across rich and poor countries and the frequent presence of medium-term changes in growth rates. Recently, new approaches to economic growth, often borrowing from earlier, non-orthodox, interpretations, have underlined the importance of investment in both physical and human capital, of scale economies or of learning by doing. These "endogenous growth" theories, however, are as yet largely untested, and hence unable to provide clear lessons for policy-making.