Ontological Shift or Ontological Drift? Reality Claims, Epistemological Frameworks, and Theory Generation in Organization Studies
探讨管理构念中过程与实体维度间的微小侧重变化如何成为理论生成的有效方法，并指出本体论与认识论失调会导致混淆，通过实践社群文献等例子说明四种认识论-本体论运动及其对理论和实践的影响。
Minor shifts in emphasis between the process and entitative dimensions of management constructs can be an effective method of theory generation. However, such shifts require corresponding adjustments in both ontology and epistemology. Where ontology and epistemology drift out of alignment, there is significant potential for confusion. I describe and illustrate four kinds of epistemic-ontological movement using a range of examples, particularly from the communities of practice literature, and I discuss implications for both theory and practice.