The Myth of Immigrant Women as Secondary Workers: Evidence from Canada
利用1991-2006年加拿大人口普查机密数据及O*NET职业技能要求信息，研究发现女性移民的劳动力市场模式不符合次要工作者特征，而是与已婚本土女性参与率上升和工资同化趋势一致。
We use the confidential files of the Canadian Census 1991-2006, combined with information from O*NET on the skill requirements of jobs, to show that the labor market patterns of female immigrants do not fit the profile of secondary workers, but rather conform to the recent experience of married native women with rising participation (and wage assimilation). At best, only relatively uneducated immigrant women in unskilled occupations may fit the profile of secondary workers. Educated immigrant women experience skill assimilation over time: a reduction in physical strength and a gradual increase in analytical skills required in their jobs relative to natives.