Synergies or Trade‐Offs in University Life Sciences Research
利用96所美国大学20年的面板数据，分析生命科学领域期刊论文、专利和博士培养三种产出是否存在规模经济或范围经济，发现规模经济显著，但论文与专利间的范围经济证据不一。
Major legislative, legal, and technological changes paved the way for a period of remarkable growth in the patenting of life science research by U.S. universities in the 1980s and 1990s. Using a multiple‐output cost framework and two decades of panel data on ninety‐six universities, this article examines whether economies of scope and/or scale are present in university production of three major life science research outputs: journal articles, patents, and doctorates. The results show strong evidence of economies of scale in life science research production with mixed evidence of economies of scope between articles and patents.