THE PARADOX OF SUCCESS: AN ARCHIVAL AND A LABORATORY STUDY OF STRATEGIC PERSISTENCE FOLLOWING RADICAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE.
通过航空和卡车运输行业的十年档案研究及实验室研究，发现过去越成功的企业在环境剧变后越容易坚持原有战略，导致业绩下滑，原因包括对过去表现满意、对当前策略自信、目标过高及忽视批评信息。
An archival study of the airline and trucking industries over a ten-year period and a laboratory study revealed that greater past success led to greater strategic persistence after a radical environmental change, and such persistence induced performance declines. The laboratory study also demonstrated that dysfunctional persistence is due to greater satisfaction with past performance, more confidence in the correctness of current strategies, higher goals and self-efficacy, and less seeking of information ixom critics.