The role of technological catch up and domestic market growth in the genesis of emerging country based multinationals
建立模型分析新兴国家跨国企业技术能力提升和国内市场规模扩大如何影响价值链布局和竞争力，发现即使缺乏技术或品牌优势，来自大型或技术快速进步新兴国家的企业也能成为全球主导者。
The paper presents a model that evaluates how upgraded technological capabilities of emerging country based multinationals (EMNCs) and an increase in the domestic market size of large emerging countries affect value chain location choices and the competitiveness of emerging country based firms versus advanced country based ones. The model shows that, even without possessing a competitive advantage in terms of technology and/or brands, EMNCs from large or rapidly technologically advancing countries can become dominant players in the global system. The model highlights the central role of firm level technological intensity and product differentiation in determining the location of value chain activities as well as defining organisational boundaries. Empirical analysis of the location choices of the world's top multinationals from large advanced and emerging countries in 2010 supports the model's predictions.